Amaxabiso aCetyisiweyo okuSlope kuphahla lwezakhelo zePortal kunye noLwakhiwo lwamaphahla entsimbi

Ukuthambeka kophahla kufuneka kuthathwe ngokubanzi njenge-1/8 ukuya ku-1/20 (malunga ne-5% ukuya kwi-12.5%, okanye i-1:8 ukuya ku-1:20), kwaye ixabiso lethambeka elinyukayo kufuneka likhethwe kwimimandla enemvula enkulu. I-slope ye-flange ephezulu ye-aves overhang kufuneka ifane ne-slope ye-rafter yophahla (i-inclined beam). Kwiifreyimu ze-portal kunye nezakhiwo zetsimbi ezilula, i-slope yephahla esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo isuka kwi-1/8 ukuya kwi-1/20. 

Imiba ecetyiswayo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe xa ukhetha amaxabiso: 

1. Ukuphambuka kwesakhiwo samalungu ophahla (i-rafters kunye ne-purlins) kuchaphazela iindlela zokukhupha uphahla. (Igatya 3.3.3: Utshintsho kwithambeka lophahla olubangelwa kukufuduswa okuthe tyaba kwekholam-phezulu kunye nokuphambuka kwelungu akuyi kudlula i-1/3 yexabiso lethambeka loyilo.)

2. Izinto zokufulela: Iindibaniselwano phakathi kwamaphepha entsimbi adityaniswe ngombala ngamanqaku aphambili okuvuza okuyingozi, kubandakanywa ukungena kwe-fastener (isikrufu) kunye neenkcukacha ezidanyazayo. Kwiipaneli ze-clip ezifihliweyo kunye neepaneli zokuma (ezithungelwe ngoomatshini), ukuvuza kunqabile ukuba kube ngumcimbi nje ukuba ukufakwa kwisayithi kuqhutywe ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kwiipaneli ze-screw-down panels ezigxininiswe ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-self-tapping screws, ukuvuza kwamanzi kusengenzeka ngenxa yokwanda kwe-thermal kunye nokucutha kweepaneli zentsimbi, nokuba umsebenzi we-site ucokisekile kwaye izitywini zokungena kwamanzi zifakwe ngokufanelekileyo.

3. I-geometry yensimbi ekhanyayo kunye nokuthintela uphahla lwamachibi, kubandakanywa nemithambeka ye-gutter enqamlezayo kunye ne-longitudinal. I-GB 50207-2012 IKhowudi yoKwamkelwa koMgangatho woKwakha wobuNjineli bophahla, iGatya 4.1.3: Ithambeka elide lee-eves iigata kunye nentlambo/iigatha zangaphakathi aziyi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-1%, kwaye ukuthotywa kwebhedi yogutyulo akusayi kudlula i-200 mm.

4. Imiba yokusingqongileyo njengemvula, ikhephu, nomkhenkce: izandyondyo zemvula, izaqhwithi ezinamandla, ukufumba kwekhephu, nokumila komkhenkce.

5. Ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa (O&M): Ukongeza imithwalo ngokungenasizathu ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwesakhiwo kuphazamisa iipaneli zephahla. Ngokufanayo, ukuxhoma imithwalo kuphahla lwe-purlins kubangela ukuphambuka, okukhokelela kumanzi asekuhlaleni. Ukongeza, ii-sealants ezingenamanzi kunye ne-mastic tapes ziguga kwaye zithobeke ngokuhamba kwexesha.

6. I-frame span yezoqoqosho kunye nokuqina kwesakhiwo: Kwizakhelo ze-portal ze-span single-span, ukunyusa i-slope ye-roofing yindlela esebenzayo yokunciphisa ubunzima besakhelo-i-slope e-slope inciphisa ixesha lokugoba kwaye igcina intsimbi. Kwizakhelo ezininzi ze-span, i-slope enyukayo inyusa ukuphakama kweekholomu zangaphakathi. Xa ubude besakhiwo sikhulu, ukwandisa i-slope kunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukuphambuka okuthe nkqo kweentsimbi zophahla lwentsimbi (i-rafters). 

IiNqobo zokuThambeka eziCetyisiweyo:

Iifektri zoshishino eziqhelekileyo: Ithambeka le-1/10 ukuya kwi-1/15 lolona luhlu luthembekileyo noluzinzileyo.

Amathambeka amade amade okanye iigatha ezandisiweyo: Ithambeka elingekho ngaphantsi kwe-1/10 liyacetyiswa.

Izakhiwo ezibanzi: Ithambeka le-1/20 ukuya kwi-1/15 linokwamkelwa, kuqwalaselwe ngokucokisekileyo kubude bekholamu yangaphakathi kunye nokuhambisa amanzi entlambo.

Izakhiwo ezinobude obunye: Ithambeka le-1/10 ukuya kwi-1/8 linokwamkelwa, kodwa uqwalaselo oluneenkcukacha kufuneka luqhutywe kumthwalo womoya, iibrayisi zeflange (ukuhlala kweekona), iinkcukacha ezidanyazayo, kunye nokunyamezela ulwakhiwo.

IKhowudi yobuGcisa yokuSetyenziswa kweeProfayili zeMetal Sheets kubuNjineli be-GB 50896-2013, iGatya 5.2.3: Ithambeka lophahla lwamashiti esinyithi aneprofayili liya kuhambelana nale migaqo ilandelayo:

1. I-slope yeprofayili ye-metal sheet sheet iya kugqitywa ngokubala kobunjineli ngokusekelwe kwi-structural system, uhlobo lweprofayili yephepha, iinkcukacha zokudibanisa, indlela yokuhambisa amanzi, kunye neemeko zemozulu zendawo;

2. I-slope yophahla lwamaphepha esinyithi eprofayili ayiyi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-5%; xa iiprofayili zetsimbi zetsimbi zifakwe nge-fasteners eziveziweyo (izikrini), i-slope yephahla akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-10%;

3. Kwiindawo ezinothuli olunothuli, i-slope yephahla akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-10%; kwiindawo ezingqongileyo ezinamaqondo aphakathi okanye aqinile, i-slope yephahla akufanele ibe ngaphantsi kwe-8%;

4. Xa kumiselwa i-slope yophahla, ubudlelwane phakathi kobude be-rib wave ye-profiled sheet kunye nomthamo wayo wokuhambisa amanzi kuya kuqwalaselwa; kwithambeka elithambileyo lophahla, iipaneli eziphakamileyo kufuneka zikhethwe.