Ukwakhiwa kwentsimbi yorhweboibe sisiseko sophuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo zale mihla ngenxa yokomelela kwayo, ukuguquguquka, ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko, kunye nokuqina kwexesha elide. Eli nqaku liphonononga iinkalo ezibalulekileyo zokwakhiwa kwezorhwebo ezisekelwe kwintsimbi, kubandakanywa neenzuzo zayo, inkqubo yobunjineli, izicelo, ukuqwalaselwa kweendleko, impembelelo yozinzo, kunye neendlela ezizayo. Yenzelwe ukunceda abaphuhlisi, abatyali-mali, abayili bezakhiwo, kunye nabaphathi beprojekthi baqonde indlela izakhiwo zentsimbi ezixazulula ngayo imingeni eqhelekileyo yokwakha efana nokulibaziseka, ukugqithiswa kwebhajethi, ukulinganiselwa kwesakhiwo, kunye nomthwalo wokulondoloza.
Iziseko ezingundoqo zale mihla zifuna izakhiwo ezingaqinanga kwaye zihlala ixesha elide nje kuphela kodwa nezisebenza kakuhle, ezinokukaleka, nezingabizi kakhulu. Ukwakhiwa kwentsimbi yorhwebo kuye kwavela njengenye yezisombululo ezithembekileyo zokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno. Ukusuka kwiindawo zokugcina amashishini ukuya kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo kunye nezakhiwo zeevenkile, izakhiwo zentsimbi zilungisa ngokutsha imbonakalo yelizwe lolwakhiwo.
Ukunyuka kokufudukela kwabantu ezidolophini, ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe, kunye nemigangatho engqongqo yokhuseleko zonke zibe negalelo ekwandeni kokwamkelwa kwentsimbi njengesixhobo sokuqala sokwakha. Ngokungafaniyo nezinto zemveli, intsimbi inika ukusebenza okuqikelelweyo, ukugqitywa kweprojekthi ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kwexesha elide.
Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi yorhwebo kubhekiselele ekuyilweni kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zorhwebo kusetyenziswa intsimbi njengeyona nto iphambili. Oku kuquka imiqadi, iintsika, iitrasi, kunye nezakhelo ezenza amathambo esakhiwo.
Ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwi:
Ingcamango ephambili emva kwale ndlela kukwenziwa kwangaphambili kunye nobunjineli obuchanekileyo, apho amacandelo enziwa kwiindawo ezilawulwayo kwaye ahlanganiswe kwisayithi.
Ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi yorhwebo lubonelela ngeengenelo ezininzi ezenza kube lukhetho olukhethwayo kubaphuhlisi kwihlabathi liphela.
Ezi zibonelelo zijongene ngqo neentlungu eziqhelekileyo kuphuhliso lwezorhwebo ezifana nokulibaziseka, ukungaphumeleli kwesakhiwo, kunye nokunyuka kwebhajethi.
Ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi luguquguqukayo kwaye lusetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi:
Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sorhwebo sentsimbi kulandela inkqubo yobunjineli eyakhiweyo:
Le nkqubo icwangcisiweyo iqinisekisa ukuchaneka, ukhuseleko, kunye nokungaguquguquki kuwo wonke umjikelo wobomi beprojekthi.
Intsimbi esemgangathweni ibalulekile kwingqibelelo yesakhiwo. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-carbon steel, insimbi yesakhiwo, kunye nentsimbi ye-alloy. Uhlobo ngalunye lusebenza kwiinjongo ezithile zobunjineli.
Iingqwalasela ezingundoqo zomgangatho ziquka:
Ukuthotyelwa okungqongqo kwimigangatho yokwakha yamazwe ngamazwe kuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwexesha elide kunye nokuqina.
Iindleko zokwakha intsimbi yezorhwebo zixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:
| Ixabiso Factor | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iindleko zezinto eziphathekayo | Ukuhla kwexabiso lentsimbi kwiimarike zehlabathi |
| Ukuntsonkotha koYilo | Iimfuno zoyilo kunye nobunjineli |
| Iindleko zabasebenzi | Ukufakwa kwisiza kunye nabasebenzi abanezakhono |
| Ezothutho | Ulungiselelo lwamalungu enziwe kwangaphambili |
| Ukugqiba Umsebenzi | I-Insulation, i-cladding, kunye ne-coatings |
Nangona iindleko zokuqala, ukwakhiwa kwensimbi kudla ngokubonakalisa ukonga ngakumbi kwixesha elide ngenxa yokunciphisa ukugcinwa kunye nokugqitywa ngokukhawuleza.
Enye yeenzuzo ezinamandla zokwakhiwa kwentsimbi yisantya. Iiprojekthi ezinokuthi zithathe iminyaka ngemathiriyeli yemveli zihlala zigqitywe ngeenyanga.
Izizathu zokukhawuleza kwamaxesha ziquka:
Intsimbi yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswayo kushishino lokwakha. Ingaphinda isetyenziswe ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa iipropathi zayo, iyenza ibe nobume bendalo.
Iinzuzo zokusingqongileyo ziquka:
Ngelixa ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi lubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, lukwahamba nemingeni:
| Uphawu | Ukwakhiwa kwentsimbi | Ukwakhiwa kweConcrete |
|---|---|---|
| Isantya soKwakha | Ukukhawuleza | Kancincana |
| Ukuqina | Phezulu | Phakathi ukuya Phezulu |
| Uyilo lokuguquguquka | Egqwesileyo | Ilinganiselwe |
| Isondlo | Phantsi | Kuphezulu ngokuhamba kwexesha |
Ukukhetha iqabane elifanelekileyo lokwakha kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yeprojekthi. Qwalasela oku kulandelayo:
Ikamva lolwakhiwo lwentsimbi yorhwebo luqhutywa yintsha:
Ezi ndlela zenza ukuba izakhiwo zentsimbi zisebenze ngakumbi, zikrelekrele kwaye zizinzileyo.
I-Q1: Ngaba ukwakhiwa kwensimbi kubiza kakhulu kuneendlela zendabuko?
Iindleko zokuqala zinokuba phezulu, kodwa ukugcinwa kwexesha elide ekugcinweni nasekusebenzeni kakuhle kwenza kube noqoqosho ngakumbi.
I-Q2: Isakhiwo sentsimbi sihlala ixesha elingakanani?
Ngokugcinwa okufanelekileyo, izakhiwo zetsimbi zingahlala iminyaka engama-50 okanye ngaphezulu.
I-Q3: Ngaba ukwakhiwa kwentsimbi kukhuselekile ngexesha leenyikima?
Ewe, ukuguquguquka kwentsimbi kwenza ukuba imelane kakhulu nomsebenzi we-seismic.
I-Q4: Ngaba izakhiwo zentsimbi zinokwenziwa ngokwezifiso?
Ngokuqinisekileyo, intsimbi ivumela uyilo oluguquguqukayo loyilo lwezakhiwo.
Ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi yezorhwebo luyaqhubeka luchaza ngokutsha iziseko zale mihla ngokunika amandla angenakuthelekiswa nanto, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Ukukwazi kwayo ukunciphisa ixesha lokwakha ngelixa iphucula ukusebenza kolwakhiwo kuyenza ibe lukhetho oluphambili kubaphuhlisi kwihlabathi liphela.
Njengoko imizi-mveliso iqhubeka nokukhula, izakhiwo zentsimbi ziya kudlala indima ebaluleke ngakumbi ekubumbeni izixeko ezizinzileyo nezomeleleyo.
Kwizisombululo zesakhiwo sentsimbi yobuchwephesha kunye neenkonzo ezilungiselelwe ukwakhiwa kwezorhwebo, unokuqhagamshelanaQingdao Eihe Steel Structure Group Co., Ltd.ngenkxaso yeengcali kunye nothethwano lweprojekthi.
Qhagamshelana nathinamhlanje ukuxoxa ngeemfuno zeprojekthi yakho kwaye ufumanise ukuba izisombululo zolwakhiwo lwentsimbi oluqhubela phambili lungenza umbono wakho uphile ngobuchule kunye nokuthembeka.


